The scenic views from Astypalaia's hilltop Venetian castle reward those who dare to make the climb - although little remains of the castle itself, the views of the whitewashed houses leading to the azure waters of Aegaen are simply spectacular.

Civico Planetario Ulrico Hoepli is the largest and oldest planetarium in Italy, offering a space where people can learn about astronomy and science. Inside the 20-metre wide dome you can watch projections of the night sky. Experts are always on hand to explain about the stars and planets. The planetarium offers a host of events and shows some of which are thematically tied to current events and pop culture such as spooky Halloween shows and lectures about the science in sci-fi films.

Right at the base of the Alcazaba, this is Malaga’s oldest surviving structure — built in the 1st century BC during the reign of Emperor Augustus. It was in use for a few hundred years, then mostly forgotten. When the Moors arrived, they used stones from the theatre to help build the Alcazaba above it. For centuries, it was completely buried. It wasn’t rediscovered until the 1950s, when construction workers stumbled on it by accident. These days, it’s been partly restored and open to the public. You can walk around the site and even catch the occasional open-air performance in summer.

Even today, the former Reichsparteitagsgelände (Nazi Party Rally Grounds) in the south of the city is still home to gigantic ruins representing the Nazi regime’s deluded notion of grandeur. The 11 km² complex was where the Nazi Party orchestrated its propaganda campaign. The documentation centre is located in the north wing of the Kongresshalle, which was designed by the Nazis to hold 50 000 people and was never completed. The permanent “Faszination und Gewalt” (“Fascination and Terror”) exhibition housed in the 1300 m² venue, chronicles the causes, relationships and consequences of the Nazi dictatorship.