Piazza IV Novembre was the main square of the Etruscan city, and the Roman Forum. In medieval Perugia, it was the point at which the five principal roads crossed and even today it is at the heart of Perugia. As an open-air venue it can’t be beaten: in the summer, thousands of people gather here to enjoy the Umbria Jazz Festival.

Castelvecchio, which means 'Old Castle', dates back to the mid-1300s and was built by Cangrande II della Scala as both a residence and fortress. Today, it houses the Castelvecchio Museum, with a good collection of medieval and Renaissance art. The castle’s walls and towers give a solid sense of Verona’s history, and the walk along the river from here is worth adding to your route.

Marked by the huge flaming sculpture called 'Wind of May', May Fourth Square is a symbol of the 1919 May Fourth Movement — a key moment in China’s modern history when students led an uprising that sparked a wave of nationalism. The square connects the Qingdao municipal government building with the coast, and it’s made up of two main areas: City Hall Square and Central Square. By day, it’s a popular spot for a stroll, and by night, the square is brought to life with colourful lights and a graceful water fountain.